Operations
Accessibility (a11y)
Accessibility (a11y) is designing + building so that people with disabilities can use your product. Encompasses: screen reader support, keyboard navigation, sufficient colour contrast, captions on video, alt text on images, semantic HTML, focus management.
More detail
Standard: WCAG 2.1 AA. Practical impact: 15-20% of users have some form of disability that affects web use. Beyond ethics + legal requirements (ADA, EU Accessibility Act), accessible sites rank better in search + convert better on average. Tools: axe-core (testing), WAVE (browser extension), Lighthouse a11y audit.